Is Government Help Self Help?
In a September 2005 column for the Boston Globe, James Carroll claimed that since America is a democracy, in which the citizens have ownership of the government, government-based help is self-help:
The problem is redoubled when religiously sponsored good works supply essential needs in place of government responses. Something essential to democracy is at stake here. The rights of citizens to basic relief, especially in times of crisis, are rooted not in charity, but in justice. Charity can be an affront to the dignity of citizenship. Citizens in a democracy, after all, are the owners of government; therefore government help is a form of self-help.
Admittedly, I’m responding to this column a bit late, and if I wanted to argue with Carroll’s attitudes toward the Katrina relief effort, I’d probably not even bother. But since the statement above is both timeless and fundamentally wrong, the fact that I’m nearly six months late in responding doesn’t bother me much.
These arguments are stretching the definition of “self-help” a bit, I think. The idea of self-help indicates a bit of self-discipline, an explicit decision on the part of the self-helper to do something to improve himself or his condition. Government-based help requires none of that. Citizens don’t contribute to an unemployment fund because they want to take advantage of it later. They don’t contribute because they’ve been particularly far-sighted. They contribute because not doing so will cause them to end up in prison.
The biggest reason why government-based help isn’t the same as self-help is because the people receiving the benefit are almost certainly not the ones paying for it. Government help would only be equal to self-help if one could only obtain as much help as he or she had previously contributed (or was likely to contribute in the future). Government-issued student loans, and even grants, are arguably a form of self-help. Yes, the student takes money from the system that he didn’t contribute, but there’s a reasonable assumption that the student will pay the government back (directly in the case of the loan, indirectly through increased income taxes in the case of the grant). Similarly, short-term unemployment benefits (or disaster-relief expenditures) could be considered “self-help”, since the worker has, presumably, been contributing money to the government and is now seeing a return on that “investment.”
I imagine that Carroll probably also supports a complete ban on guns. Not because guns are dangerous, but because every person who is able to defend himself (or worse yet, every layperson who uses a gun to defend someone else) is taking some of the responsibility away from the government.
I don’t know. Maybe, in the end, Carroll is right. Maybe democracy is at risk if we allow citizens to choose whether or not they wish to give to charity. Certainly, if a million people vote that Bill Gates should give each of them a couple of thousand dollars, Mr. Gates is ignoring democracy when he refuses. On the other hand, the million tyrants are abandoning a principle that is much nearer and dearer to the heart of this nation’s Constitution — liberty. Given my choice between democracy and liberty, I’ll take liberty every time.
